Management and Entrepreneurship Development

National Institute for Small Industries Extension Training (NISIET) Training Institutions / Centres India National Institute of Small Industry Extension Training (nisiet) (An organisation of the Ministry of SSI, Govt. of India) Yousufguda, HYDERABAD- 500 045 (INDIA) Phone: +91-40-23608544-218 / 23608316-217 Fax: +91-40-23608547 / 23608956 / 23541260 Cable: SIETINSTITUTE, Hyderabad Website: www. nisiet. org | www. nisiet. gov. in | www. nisiet. com Welcome to ni-msme Golden Jubilee Year 2012 50 Years in Service of MSME (1962- 2012) Shri Vayalar Ravi Honorable Minister i-msme, since its inception in 1960 by the Government of India, has taken gigantic strides to become the premier institution for the promotion, development and modernization of the SME sector. An autonomous arm of the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), the Institute strives to achieve its avowed objectives through a gamut of operations ranging from training, consultancy, research and education, to e xtension and information services. A Centre of Excellence It was in 1984 that the UNIDO had recognized SIET as an institute of meritorious performance under its Centres of Excellence Scheme to extend aid.Subsequently, it was also accorded national status and SIET Institute became nisiet in the same year. To cope with the precut of globalization, the Government of India has enacted Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises Development (MSMED) Bill in the Parliament which was commenced on 2nd October 2006. Accordingly, the institute also has emerged as an apex organisation by changing its structure as well as name as ni-msme from 11th April 2007. Our Charter The primary objective was to be the trainer of trainers. Today, with the technological development and ever-changing market scenario, our involvement has undergone changes too.From being merely trainers we have widened our scope of activities to consultancy, research, extension and information services. The arrival of IT has only broadened our horizons. The Leap Forward †¢ Dramatic increase in long-term and diploma programmes. †¢Turning new corners in Information Technology. †¢Spotlighting of topical issues through conferences, seminars, etc. †¢Greater attention to need based programmes. †¢Shift towards client driven approach and innovative interventions. †¢Programme evaluation. †¢Emphasis on research publications.SEDME (Small Enterprises Development, Management, Extension) Journal SEDME Journal breathed its first in 1974, when the academic community of the institute felt the need for a forum through which they could express and exchange their thoughts and opinions on small enterprise related policies, programmes, etc. Since then, it has evolved into a healthy journal of acknowledged quality in the domain of small enterprise, attracting contributors and users not only from every corner of the country but also from other developing as well as developed countries.SEDME Journal has bee n bringing out exclusive theme focussed numbers (IPR, EDP, Rural Industrialisation, Finance, etc. ) and is widely sought after by researchers, practitioners and promotional bodies concerned with small enterprise one way or the other. The editorial team of Journal take pride in stating that during the massive quarter century of the Journal’s existence, it has been a sui generis journal dedicated to small enterprise, and continues to maintain that premier position. The annual inland subscription for Journal is Rs. 600 and the overseas subscription is US $ 150.In case of desiring airmail or speed post delivery, US $ 20 may be added. For further information regarding Journal, please contact: Editor SEDME Journal, ni-msme. Yousufguda. Hyderabad 500045, India. Editor : V Vishwas Rao Annual subscription : Rs. 600 (India), US $ 150 (Foreign) Contributors Contributors to SEDME Journal include policy makers, researchers, academicians, financiers, executives and other officials associat ed with MSME promotional activities. A random selection from the back volumes would show contributors from countries as far apart as Bangladessh, Canada, Korea, UK and Iran.Contributors interested in publishing their articles in SEDME Journal may please note the following 1. Please ensure that the articles are analytically perceptive or empirically elucidative, at least 2000 words in length, typed in double space on one side only, and are sent in duplicate. 2. In cases where the article is sent in a floppy disk or through e-mail, please ensure that the article comes through as a file attachment in Microsoft Word, that the file name(s) are given for all parts of the article, and one hard copy is sent through regular mail. . Please check that the sources are clearly cited for all the ideas, concepts, graphics and other information, and that the citations are complete in all respects. This helps avoid processing delays. 4. Please enclose a declaration stating that the article is your o riginal effort prepared for SEDME Journal and has not been published or pending publication in any other periodical/newspaper/magazine, etc. , signed by all the authors. 5. The copyright of the selected articles shall rest with SEDME Journal. 6.Articles which are sent for theme specials, and not included therein, may be published later, in due course. Forging Ahead Over the years the Institute has gained immense experience and expertise in the areas of entrepreneurship development, technology, management, extension and information services. ni-msme’s inherent capacity to innovate together with its top-class infrastructure has enabled the institute to excel in its endeavours towards micro and small enterprise promotion. From the time of inception, ni-msme has been providing unstintied support to small and medium ndustries and has evolved to be the best in offering services like research, consultancy, information, training and extension to not only enterprises but also to conce rned development agencies. The knowledge driven and volatile economy of the present days is posing greater challenges to MSMEs. Further, globalisation is threatening the survival of MSMEs in the face of tough competition. ni-msme has always been conceiving specialised need-based programmes, workshops and seminars in tune with the changing policy and economic situation.These activities have been primarily aimed at the industry and supporting systems so as to enable them to deal with aspects that directly or indirectly affect the success of enterprise. In the present era of globalisation, ni-msme’s programmes are designed to have universal relevance. Through these specialised programmes, ni-msmehas been successfully training the entrepreneurs to face challenges; help them cope with competition; and gain the much-needed competitive edge in the global scenario. ni-msme has broken geographical barriers by extending its expertise and services to other developing and developed natio ns. i-msme has had profitable interface with several international agencies like CFTC (Commonwealth Fund for Technical Co-operation), UNESCO (United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation), UNDP (United Nations Development Programme), Ford Foundation, GTZ of Germany, USAID (United States Agency for International Development), and ILO (International Labour Organisation), to name a few. Achievements Spectrum †¢Conducted a Pioneering Research Study in Achievement Motivation in association with Prof. David McClelland’s Kakinada Experiment (1964). Organised the First Executive Laboratory in India (1964) . †¢Conducted the First International Training Programme in SME Development (1967). †¢Developed the Concept of Appropriate Technologies in Indian Industry (1969). †¢Established a Specialised Information Centre, the Small Enterprises National Documentation Centre (SENDOC) (1971). †¢Assisted The Tanzanian Government in Establishing a SIDO (1 974). †¢Established a Branch Regional Centre at Guwahati (1979). †¢Attained National Status and Renamed as National Institute of Small Industry Extension Training (nisiet) (1984). Prepared Case Studies and Video Documentaries on S&T Entreprenuers (1986). †¢Developed The First Computerised Software Package on Simulation Exercises for Small Industry Management (SIMSIM) (1987); Project Appraisal and Evaluation (CAPE) (1996). †¢UNESCO Chair (1997). †¢Achieved Self – sufficiency (2001-02). †¢B2B Transactions with Uganda, Namibia, South Africa, Bhutan, Nigeria, Sudan, Cameroon and Ghana (2000 – 2007). †¢National workshop on MSME Cluster Development conducted in New Delhi (2008). †¢International Programmes for Bank of Ghana (2006-08); All-time record of 28 international Executive Development Programmes, 5 of them specially for African countries (2007-08) †¢Outreach programme for African women executives as a fore-runner to India-Af rica Forum Summit (2008) †¢International Programmes for Bangladesh Small & Cottage Industries Corporation (BSCIC) (2008-09) Organisation Spectrum Functional Spectrum Pioneer Training Programmes ni-msme has initiated several specialised and tailor-made training programmes, the first of their kind in the cream of MSME. A few of them are †¢Management Development Programmes. †¢Programme on Area Development. †¢Programme on Feasibility Survey and Analysis. Programme on Industrial Estates. †¢Programme for Young Engineers and Technocrats. †¢Vertically Integrated Course on Orientation through Small Industry Development for IAS / IES Officers. †¢Effective Development Programmes for Rationalised Employees of State and Central PSUs. †¢Exclusive Programmes for International Executives of Various Themes on Regular Basis. †¢Enterprise Development and Government Effectiveness (EDGE) Programme for Srilankan Administrative Officials. †¢Sensitivity Tra ining in Production Planning and Control. †¢Faculty Development Programmes. †¢Programmes on Cluster Development. †¢Programmes on Cluster Development. Programmes on Focused Themes for Executives of North E Outstanding Research and Consultancy Studies ni-msme has been instrumental in conducting several outstanding research / consultancy studies that include. †¢Development of Pochampad Region (1972). †¢Identification of Growth Centres in Vidharbha Region (1973). †¢Industrial Potential Studies of Different Regions in the Country (since 1974). †¢Impact / Evaluation Studies on Major Government Programmes and Schemes such as TYRSEM, DWCRA, PMRY, SEEUY, CMEY, ADARANA, IIDs, SHGs, WDCs, Development Commissioner (Handlooms), Development Commissioner (Handicrafts), and NBCFDC. Policy Research Studies (since 1978). †¢Preparation of Check-list for Diagnosis of Sick Units and Case Studies (from 1981). †¢District Development and Regional Planning Studie s. †¢Techno-economic Feasibility Studies in Textiles and Handicrafts Sector of Arunachal Pradesh (2001). †¢Study on Identification of Projects for Specific Resource Base in Northeastern Region (2003). †¢Vision Document for Empowering Women in Mauritius (2003). †¢Project Profiles on SMEs for Mauritius (2004). †¢Information Requirements of SMEs (2005). †¢Hand-holding, Monitoring, Implementation of MSME Clusters (2004-07). Hand-holding of SFURTI, Handlooms, Handicrafts Clusters (2006 onwards). †¢Evaluation Study of Ongoing Schemes of NBCFDC in the State of Tamilnadu (2008) †¢Evaluation of NBCFDC Schemes in the Union Territory of Puducherry, Goa and Kerala (2009-10) †¢Evaluation of the Functioning of Innovative and Experimental Programmes on Schools run by Bhagavatula Charitable Trust (BCT) under Rajiv Vidhya Mission, Andhra Pradesh in Visakhapatnam District (2009-10) †¢Evaluation Study for Bringing More Effectiveness in Implementation o f the Schemes under AHVY sponsored by the Office of Development Commissioner (Handicrafts), Ministry of Textiles, Govt. f India, New Delhi (2009-10) †¢Preparation of Training Modules for Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation, Govt. of India (2009-10) †¢Execution of Research Studies Sponsored by the Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation, Govt. of India (2009-10) Excellence Our Forte ni-msme has made many memorable contributions to enterprise development both nationally and internationally. MSMEs and executives from all over the world have been taking the advantage of the programmes, workshops and seminars on contemporary themes organised at ni-msme.Some of the Institutes cornerstone interventions like the first international programme (1967) conducted with assistance from UNIDO; Simulation Exercises for Small Industry Management (SIMSIM) (1987); the UNESCO Chair(1997) International Workshop in Promotion of Small and Medium Enterprises (PROSME) (1998); Ex port Production Villages (1999); Trade Related Development Programme for Women (TREAD) (2000); Entrepreneurship Development in the New Millennium (2001); Training of Mothers of Child Labour in Income Generation Skills Under Child Labour Eradication Project by ILO (2001); B2B Transactions with Uganda, Namibia, South Africa, Bhutan, Nigeria , Sudan, Ghana, reflect the national and international acclaim. nimsme has gained through its excellence and commitment, by blending the best of the traditional with the smart, modern day techniques, world-class facilities and continuously exploring and inventing custom-based methodologies. ni-msme is not a mere solutions provider but is evolving as a value-added partner. The infrastructure and facilities at the ni-msme campus are at par with international standards.They reflect the natural excellence that qualifies every activity and attribute of the Institute. ni-msme has embraced technology in all its functions to keep pace with the tenor of the times and to make its services more efficient. State-of-the-art facilities, pleasant environs, proven methodologies supported by modern academic infrastructure, experienced faculty, expert consultants and resource persons and above all, decades of experience complemented by a modern and creative outlook, have given a new definition to the standard of services provided by the Institute. It is now recognised as being among the best training, research and extension facilities in the world. Members of Governing Council S. No. Name and Address Hon’ble Minister of MSME Government of India Udyog Bhavan, New Delhi 110 011Chairman 2Secretary to the Government of India Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Government of India Udyog Bhavan, New Delhi 110 011Vice-Chairman 3Additional Secretary & Development Commissioner (MSME) Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Government of India, Nirman Bhavan, Moulana Azad Road, New Delhi 110 011Member 4Additional Secretary & F inancial Adviser, Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Government of India Udyog Bhavan, New Delhi 110 011Member 5Joint Secretary (Administration) Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Government of IndiaUdyog Bhavan, New Delhi 110 011Member 6Joint Secretary (Agro & Rural Industries) Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Government of India Udyog Bhavan, New Delhi 110 011Member 7Chairman, Coir Board Coir House, M. G. Road Ernakulam, Kochi – 682 016, KeralaMember 8Chairman & Managing Director Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) SIDBI Tower, 15, Ashok Marg, Lucknow – 226001Member 9Chief Executive Officer Khadi & Village Industries Commission Gramodaya, 3, Irla Road, Vile Parle (West) Mumbai 400 056Member 10Chairman and Managing Director The National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) NSIC Bhawan, Okhla Industrial Estate New Delhi – 110 020Member 1Director Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India (Via Ahmedabad Airport & Indira Bridge) P. O. Bhat 382 428, Dist. Gandhinagar, GujaratMember 12The Director General In-chargeNational Institute of Micro, small and Medium Enterprises (ni-msme) Yousufguda, Hyderabad – 500 045Member-Secretary Members of Executive Committee S. No. Name and Address 1Secretary to the Government of IndiaMinistry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Government of India Udyog Bhavan, New Delhi 110 011Chairman 2Additional Secretary & Development Commissioner (MSME)Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Government of India Nirman Bhavan, Moulana Azad RoadNew Delhi 110 011Vice-Chairman 3Additional Secretary & Financial AdviserMinistry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Government of India Udyog Bhavan, New Delhi 110 011Member 4Joint Secretary to the Government of IndiaMinistry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Government of India Udyog Bhavan, New Delhi 110 011Member 5Joint Secretary (Agro & Rural Industries)Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Ente rprises Government of India Udyog Bhavan, New Delhi 110 011Member 6The Director General In-charge National Institute of Micro, small and Medium Enterprises (ni-msme) Yousufguda, Hyderabad – 500 045Member-Secretary Our Clientele International Organizations UNESCO †¢UNDP †¢Ford Foundation †¢GTZ †¢USAID †¢UNIDO †¢ILO †¢RITES †¢BSIC †¢CFTC †¢Agricultural Development Projects of Nigera †¢SIDO of Tanzania †¢Bank of Ghana, ARB Apex Central Government Ministries/ Departments Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises †¢DC (MSME) †¢KVIC †¢Coir Board †¢NSIC Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises †¢Department of Public Enterprises Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region †¢DONER †¢North Eastern Council †¢North East Development Finance Corporation †¢North East Handicrafts and Handlooms Development Corporation Ministry of Food Processing Industries Ministry of External Affairs Ministry of Finance Department of Economic Affairs Ministry of Labour and Employment †¢Directorate General of Employment & Training (DGET) Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions †¢Department of Personnel and Training Ministry of Science and Technology †¢Department of Science and Technology †¢Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) †¢National S&T Entrepreneurship Development Board Ministry of Textiles †¢DC (Handlooms) †¢DC (Handicrafts) Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation †¢Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission †¢Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana(SJSRY) Ministry of Rural Development †¢Department of Rural Development DRDA/ZPs Ministry of Defence †¢Directorate General of Quality Assurance †¢Directorate of Planning and Coordination †¢Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment †¢National Backward Classes Finan ce and Development Corporation (NBCFDC) †¢National Scheduled Castes Finance and Development Corporation (NSCFDC) Ministry of Women and Child Development †¢Department of Women and Child Development Ministry of Commerce and Industry †¢Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion †¢Department of Commerce †¢Directorate General of Foreign Trade Ministry of Planning †¢Planning Commission Ministry of Environment & Forests †¢Ozone cellMinistry of Statistics and Programme Implementation †¢MPLAD School of Enterprise Development (SED) It is one of the former scholastic/intellectual departments of ni-msme, continued with additional responsibilities in the globalised market environment. MSME development generally refers to facilitating progress in the economy and generation of employment by enhancing business development services, and establishing a conducive legal, regulatory and policy environment. In this context, the School of Enterprise Development [ SED] acts as a catalyst for dynamic, integrated change in Micro and Small Enterprise (MSE) sector, looking strategically and optimistically towards the future challenges.The activities of the SED include programme evaluation studies, research projects, feasibility studies, potential surveys, rural enterprise promotion, backward area development, infrastructure development programme and project implementation for central and state governments, that advances an innovative and enterprise growth in the global and national scenario. On the international front, the SED provides a bridge between theory and practice of small business and MSE development by guiding/training the executives of MSME in formulation, development, implementation and evaluation of various facets of enterprise policy, with a focus to make the MSE sector more competitive in the global economic scene.Besides imparting training to the officials, the experienced and well-known faculty of the school focus on economic sur veys in the nature of diagnosing the industrial potential, networking with national and international agencies, and other research studies pertaining to government programmes /schemes and impact studies. The School of Enterprise Development functions through Centre for Enterprise Planning and Development (C-EPD), Centre for Policy Research (C-PR), National Resource Centre for Cluster Development (NRCD), ni-msme NGO Network (N-Cube) and Economic Investigation and Statistical Cell (EISC) in the areas of Cluster development, Employment Generation, and establishing synergy with related departments, which of late became the centres of excellence through focused attention for holistic development.School of Entrepreneurship and Extension (SEE) The school of Entrepreneurship and Extension is one of the crucial and premier wings of ni-msme. The main focus of the school is on training the Industrial Promotion Officers and Extension Officers on the entire gamut of entrepreneurship development. The greatest achievement of the school is the world famous Kakinada Experiment on Achievement Motivation conducted under the guidance of Prof. McClelland from Harvard University. The school also has the credit of developing SIET Integrated Model on entrepreneurship development which was used to train thousands of potential entrepreneurs from almost all states of India.Another noted achievement of the school is sensitivity training (laboratory for executive development. ) Currently the school activities include training of trainers in entrepreneurship development, curriculum development, skill development programmes, women entrepreneurship, counseling, motivating and retraining the voluntarily retired employees of State and Central PSUs and research projects. At the international level, the school takes up consultancy projects on setting up Entrepreneurship Development Institutes. It also organizes programmes on training Methods and Skills for Managers, Empowerment of Women through Enterprises and Capacity Building programmes for NGOs and Government personnel.Besides imparting training on Entrepreneurship Development, the school acts as a nodal agency in implementing Rajiv Gandhi Udhyami Mitra Yojana (RGUMY) scheme of the Ministry of MSME for providing handholding support to prospective entrepreneurs. Core Competencies †¢Entrepreneurship Development †¢Training of trainers in Entrepreneurship Development †¢Curriculum Development †¢Training Techniques †¢Women Empowerment †¢Retraining and Rehabilitation of VR employees †¢Evaluation of Government Programmes and Schemes on Entrepreneurship Development School of Enterprise Management (SEM) Genesis This is a well-established academic organ of ni-msme. There is a spate of changes sweeping the enterprises across the globe.The economic reforms within the country with the attendant consequences, ever increasing competition, both global and local, fast pace of technological changes and a host of other factors necessitate revolutionary reforms in the enterprise management practices. The practices clearly have to be cost-effective as well as simpler to adopt and adapt with the power to impinge all segments of the enterprise. This calls for a paradigm shift in raison d’etre of the enterprise itself. In tune with this, the erstwhile Industrial Management Division is re-engineered and re-christened as School of Enterprise Management (SEM) laying emphasis on management practices, intellectual property rights and management education. Core CompetenciesThe School is endowed with capabilities in the following areas and delivers through the instruments of training and consultancy, many a time customised to meet the requirements of client organisation, actively supported by research. The School functions with its full-fledged five centres viz. , Centre for Promotion of Advanced Management Practices (C-PAMP), Centre for Logistics & Integrated Materials Systems (C-LAIMS) , Centre for Industrial Credit and Financial Services (C-ICFS) and Centre for Intellectual Property Rights (C-IPR) and Centre for Environment Concerns (C-Eco). Marketing †¢market survey and demand analysis †¢exports, international trade and practices †¢industrial marketing †¢rural marketing †¢marketing of agri-inputsManagement Training Methodologies †¢role play †¢small group activities †¢in-plant studies †¢management cases †¢management simulations and games Productivity and Quality †¢ management of productivity †¢total quality management †¢Statistical quality control †¢ISO 9000/14000 †¢OHSAS †¢HACCP / Six Sigma Finance †¢human resource management †¢industrial relations †¢human resources and systems †¢ISO 9000/14000 †¢OHSAS †¢HACCP / Six Sigma Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) †¢IP creation, commercialisation & management General Management †¢Benchmarking †¢B usiness Process Re-engineering †¢Japanese Management Practices †¢Performance contracts †¢Strategic management ClienteleThe clientele include both government and non-governmental organisations such as: †¢Corporate sector: PSUs and Private sector enterprises †¢Entrepreneurs and owner-managers of SMEs †¢Officials from ministries and departments of both central and state governments †¢Banks and financial institutions †¢Enterprise support agencies including VOs †¢International agencies In addition, student focused part-time post-graduate diploma programmes in areas like export management, TQM and ISO 9000 and human resource management and systems are conducted. This endeavour also serves the cause of continuing executive education. Co-working and Collaborations TSEM works synergistically with other centres of the institute to design and deliver value-laden content to the customers.It also networks with other national and international institut ions of good standing through collaborations to administer cost-effective, client-centred performance improvement capsules. The School also leverages the expertise available within different sectors of the economy to service sector-specific clients. Vision The School’s vision is to emerge and establish itself as a sui generis seat of learning in advanced management practices that enable promotion of performing enterprises. Mission The School envisages realisation of the above vision through its mission of promotion and propagation of advanced management practices that are low in cost of implementation, but are highly effective in results and cover all the activities of the enterprise.This is accomplished through undertaking the triadic activities of training, research and consultancy, both within the country and outside. Thus its charter mandates it to work towards enabling practices that are: †¢Enterprise-wide †¢Low cost †¢High impact Compass of Services and C onstellation of Benefits SEM offers a wide range of services in the form of training interventions, capacity building through management consultancy and other knowledge-based services through applied research. The tangible benefits, in addition to the many intangibles, that flows from our school are: †¢Productivity-driven cost leadership †¢Quality led competitiveness †¢Customer-coupled market share †¢Re-engineered organisational advantage Benchmark-based best practices School of Enterprise Information and Communication (SEIC) Genesis The School of Information and Communication (SEIC) is a well established unique knowledge hub of ni-msme in providing information services and ICT solutions through training to both the national and international MSME community. To strengthen the informational base of MSMEs in facing the global challenges led to the formation of School of Enterprise Information and Communication (SEIC) laying emphasis on providing information service s in varied forms and need based skill oriented Information Technology (IT) training using the latest technologies. Core competenciesThe school functions with its fully equipped sources of information and state-of-the-art infrastructure to meet the informational needs and ICT skill development training requirements of MSMEs, Government organisations, public and private sectors, NGOs, entrepreneurs, students, researchers etc. through its two Centres viz, Small Enterprises National Documentation Centre (SENDOC) and Centre for Communication and Information Technology (C-CIT). National WELCOME Presentation Director General, ni-msme Genesis Started as Central Industrial Extension Training Institute in New Delhi in 1960 on the recommendation of Working Group for III five year plan Shifted to Hyderabad in 1962 as a Government of India Society under the name Small Industry Extension Training (SIET) InstituteAttainment of National Status in 1984 and renamed as National Institute of Small Ind ustry Extension Training (nisiet) Emerged as a distinct institution for promotion of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Renamed as National Institute for Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (ni-msme) with enactment of MSMED Act,2006 Vision To become a global centre of excellence for creation, sustenance and growth of MSMEs Core Competency Enabling enterprise creation Capacity building for enterprise growth and sustainability Enhancing competitiveness under globalisation Creation, development and dissemination of enterprise knowledge Diagnostic and development studies for policy formulation Evaluation and impact studies for enterprise promotionEmpowering the underprivileged through enterprises Functional Spectrum Schools of Excellence School of Enterprise Development (SED) C-IPD: Centre for Industrial Planning and Development C-PR: Centre for Policy Research NRCD: National Resource Centre for Cluster Development EISC: Economic Investigation and Statistical Cell n-Cube: ni-msme – NGO – Network School of Enterprise Management (SEM) C-PAMP: Centre for Promotion of Advanced Management Practices C-ICFS: Centre for Industrial Credit and Financial Services C-IPR: Centre for Intellectual Property Rights C-LAIMS: Centre for Logistics and Integrated Materials Systems C-ECO: Centre for Environment Concerns Schools of ExcellenceSchool of Entrepreneurship & Extension (SEE) C-EIE: Centre for Entrepreneurship and Industrial Extension C-CC: Centre for Consultancy and Counseling WSC: Women’s Studies Cell EAC: Employee Assistance Cell School of Enterprise Information & Communication (SEIC) C-CIT: Centre for Communication and Information Technology SENDOC: Small Enterprises National Documentation Centre LPC: Live Projects Cell Members of Governing Council Union Minister of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Chairman Secretary to the Govt. of India, Ministry of MSME Vice-Chairman Additional Secretary and Development Commissioner (MSME), Ministry of MSM E, GOI Member Additional Secretary and Financial Adviser,Ministry of MSME, GOI Member Joint Secretary, Ministry of MSME, GOI Member Joint Secretary, Ministry of MSME, GOI Member Chairman, Coir Board Member Chairman & Managing Director, SIDBI Member Chief Executive Officer, Khadi & Village Industries Commission (KVIC) Member Members of Governing Council Members of Governing Council Members of Executive Committee Secretary to the Government of India, Ministry of MSME, GOI Chairman Additional Secretary and DC (MSME), Ministry of MSME, GOI Vice-Chairman Additional Secretary and Financial Adviser, Ministry of MSME, GOI Member Joint Secretary to GOI, Ministry of MSME Member Joint Secretary to GOI, Ministry of MSME MemberRepresentative of a State level Association of micro and small enterprises Nominated Member Representative of an Association of micro and small women Entrepreneurs Nominated Member Representative of an academic or training institution dealing with management or entrepreneu rship development Nominated Member Director General of the Institute Member-Secretary Major Achievements Pioneering study that led to First Entrepreneurship Model First Sensitivity Training Laboratory- Ford Foundation First International Programme on small industry in the country Programme for Young Engineers for the first time in the country Establishment of SENDOC – A National Information Centre for SMEs Partnership with UNIDO – Industrial Estate & Regional Development Feasibility studies on modernisation of SSI First Study on identification of Growth Centres Major Achievements Establishing a Branch Regional Centre at GuwahatiAssisting in policy implication for establishing District Industries Centers Attainment of National status and renaming as National Institute of Small Industry Extension Training (nisiet) Prepared Case Studies and Video Documentary on Science and Technology Entrepreneurs Orientation on Small Industry Development for IAS Officers The First Comput erised Software Package Developed on Simulation Exercises for Small Industry Management (SIM SIM) Major Achievements UNESCO Chair on SSI Policy Enterprises Development and Government Effectiveness (EDGE) Programme for Srilankan Administrative Officials Refocusing Academic Centers in the place of departments B2B transactions with developing countriesCounseling, Retraining and Redeployment programmes for rationalised employees of CPSUs Little Angles Project sponsored by International Labour Organisation (ILO) on eradication of child labours Establishment of a center on Cluster Development (NRCD) Major Achievements Enhancing faculty competencies through international training and studies Started educational programmes Organised National Conference : Entrepreneurship in the New Millennium Attained self-sufficiency – 2001-02 Upgradation of Infrastructure services Policy Research Studies on various aspects of SMEs Entered into MoUs with International Agencies All time high income o f Rs. 1022. 76 lakh for the year 2006-07 Regrouping Centres & Cells under concept of School Renaming nisiet as ni-msme with effect from 11 April 2007 Major Research and Consultancy Projects (2001-08)Identification of Product/Resource-specific Business in Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura Emergence of First Generation Women Entrepreneurs – An Exploratory Study Additional Income Opportunities to the Families of Child Labour – An ILO Project Study on Curriculum Models for Entrepreneurship Development under NEDB Scheme Diagnostic study of Crochet Lace Cluster at Narsapur, Andhra Pradesh Evaluation study of ongoing schemes of NBCFDC in Karnataka Evaluation of Micro Credit Schemes and Education Loan Schemes in Andhra Pradesh Major Research and Consultancy Projects (2001-08) Achieving self-sufficiency through ni-msme’s intervention for the societies of Girijan Cooperative Corporation Ltd. Andhra Pradesh Design of Project Profiles for SMEs in Mauritius for Small and Medium Industries Development Organisation (SMIDO), Mauritius Development of 20 clusters in the country sponsored by DC(MSME) Micro Enterprise Mapping of Self-Help Groups in districts of Rajasthan State Competency Mapping of Indian SMEs for Global Promotion under NEDB Study on Impact of Government Incentives and Subsidies on the Industrial Development in Andhra Pradesh Promotion of self-employment activities among the Tribal Youth Preparation of Business Plan for Handicraft Clusters Cont. Major Research and Consultancy Projects (2001-08 Integrated Handloom Cluster Development – Mubarakpur Integrated Handloom Cluster Development – BarabankiEvaluation Study of Schemes of Handloom Sector: Health Insurance Scheme Evaluation Study of Schemes of Handloom Sector: Integrated Handloom Training Project Evaluation Study of Schemes of Handloom Sector: 10% Rebate Scheme Study on Impact of Entrepreneurship Development Programmes Evaluation of EDI Scheme of Ministry of MSME Techn ical Services for Khadi and Village Industries Clusters Technical Services for Coir Clusters Hightlights:2001-08 Attained self-sufficiency (2001-02) Recognition of Employees Assistance Cell as Nodal Agency for training and rehabilitation of rationalized employees of Central Public Sector Undertakings (CPSUs) (2002) Providing Income Opportunities for the families of Child Labour in Previous: E-Commerce and Bridging Digital Divide: Telecom, Infrastructure and Access Next: OECDlight 9714499671

Diversity Worksheet Essay

1. What is diversity? Why is diversity valued? I have learned that diversity has various different definitions but I will only focus on the Webster’s Dictionary meaning. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, diversity is â€Å"the condition of having or being composed of differing elements: Variety; especially: the inclusion of different types of people (as people of different races or cultures) in a group or organization.† To summarize this definition or make it simple, diversity is to include people from different races, religions, genders, ages, ethnicities, and cultural backgrounds all in one place. Diversity is valued because it teaches us how to accept and understand differences in people and to look beyond personal biases or emotions of language, culture, and race. It also teaches us to be more open and enhances our knowledge of all things or people that are different from us. 2. What is ethnocentrism? In what ways can ethnocentrism be detrimental to a society? Ethnocentrism is the feeling that one’s group or culture is superior to another. Ethnocentrism makes a person bias against other cultures and ethnic groups, makes a person look down on others, and makes a person feel that other cultures are inferior to their own. Furthermore, ethnocentrism can be detrimental to a society in many ways.One way is racism, which is a problem that has plagued our society for decades and has caused violence and death. Ethnocentrism has also caused war and genocide such as the Holocaust. During the time of the Holocaust, the Nazis (who were German) believed that Germans were racially superior and the Jews were inferior. This belief led to the Nazis killing a lot of Jews, disabled people, and homosexuals. In today’s society, I am not sure if ethnocentrism would go that far but it would still harm our society. It can cause more violence, discrimination, and coflicts acrtoss the world. 3. Define emigration and immigration. Emigration is to leave ones’s country permanently to live in another. Immgration is defined as coming into a new country as a permanent resident. Schaefer, R. T. states that â€Å"from Vietnam’s perspective, the â€Å"boat people† were emigrants from Vietnam to the United States, but in the United States they were counted among this nation’s immigrants.† This is how the two terms are different. 4. What are some of the ways groups of people are identified? Groups of people are identified by dominant and subordinate groups to include their race, ethnicity, religion, and gender. The racial group refers to people who are socially set apart because of physical differences. The ethic group is set apart because of their national origin or distinctive cultural patterns. The religious group is set apart because they are associated with a religion other than the dominant faith. The gender group suggests that men are the social majority and women are the minority. Finally there are other subordinate groups that people are identified by such as age, disability status, physical appearance, and sexual orientation. 5. Why do people label and group other people? I believe that some people label and group other people because this is the way they were taught. On the other hand, there are some people who label and group other people because of ignorance. For those who were brought up with prejudice, they continue to label people because it is easier to go off of what they were taught than to look up the facts on their own. Furthermore, I feel that people label and group other people in order to make themselves look good or seem superior. They want to feel as if they are better than others. Labeling and grouping people is judgemental and can easily be avoided if people would just learn other people for themselves. 6. Define culture. Is culture limited to racial and ethnic backgrounds? Explain. Culture is the beliefs, social forms, and material traigts of a race, religion, or social group. It is also the characteristic features of everyday existence shared by people in a place or time (Merriam-Webster online, 2013). Culture can refer to many areas in a society and is not only limited to racial and ethnic backgrounds. Culture can also refer to other areas such as education, business, and science.

Middle Childhood and Adolescences

Human growth development theory is an organized statement of values and generalization that provides an outline for understanding how and why people change as they grow from infant to adulthood. Theorist tries to make sense out of observations and construct a story of the human journey from infancy through childhood or adulthood (P. H. Miller, 2002, p. 2). The theories link proofs with patterns, merging the details of life into a meaningful complete picture of human growth development. Freud and Erickson state that human beings, starting at infancy through adulthood pass a series of psychosexual and psychosocial stages of development.The stages that will be discussed will be a combination of Freud and Erickson oral, identify vs. role of confusion, and phallic stages. There are six stages that Freud elaborated on but the first six years occurs in three stages each characterized by psychosexual pleasure center on difference parts of the body. However, Erikson’s stages differ sig nificantly from Freud’s in that they emphasize family and culture, not sexual urges. He called his theory epigenetic, partly to stress that the expression of genes, as of biological impulses, is powerfully influenced by the social environment (Berger, p. 9, 2010). According to, Freud during the first stage of personality development with is the oral stage from birth to one year, the infant’s tongue, and gums are the focus of pleasurable sensations in the baby’s body, sucking, and feeding are the most stimulating actives. The mouth is an important source for feeding and eating. In addition this allows the infant to develop gratification with pleasure from oral stimulation through activities such as tasting and sucking. Therefore, the infant is completely dependent on its parent or guardian that is responsible for feeding and nurturing the infant.Freud also stated that the oral stimulation could lead to oral dependencies later in life. For example oral personaliti es such as thumb sucking, nail biting, and smoking. These behaviors are exhibit when an individual is under stress (McLeod, S. A. 2008). Phallic Stage is another stage of human growth development. According to, Freud this stage starts at three though six years of age. This stage is when children become aware of their body organs. In additional, adolescences are also aware of their parents and other children that are around them. This pleasure switches between the oral nd anal stage to the phallic stage. The pleasure is not emphasized on the genitals. Freud has stated that the male develops an unconscious desire for the mother. Therefore, the male become in conflict with the adult male or caregiver seeing him as competition for the mother affection. This fixation gives the male an Oedipus complex, which is Freud psychoanalytic theory. This theory is the desire for sexual involvement with parent of opposite sex and a sense of rivalry with the parent of the same sex; a crucial stage in the normal developmental process.Girls have been known to have an attraction for their father. This is known as the Electra Complex, but Freud strongly disagreed with this theory (Britannica. com). According to Freud, because strong competition with the male figures the male eventually decide to identify with the father rather than come in conflict with him. Because of this the boy develops masculine characteristics and identifies himself as a male, and represses his sexual feelings toward his mother. A fixation at this stage could result in unacceptable sexual behavior and confused sexual identity according to psychoanalysts (McLeod, S.A. 2008). Identity vs. role confusion is the Erikson six stage of human development. This stage takes place between the ages of 13-18. This is an important stage of development for adolescence because this is the transition from childhood to adulthood. Adolescents try to figure out â€Å"who am I? † They establish sexual, political, and vocat ional identities or are confused about what role to play (Berger, p. 19). This stage of human development allows the adolescent to identify what role he will occupy as an adult.In this role the adolescents will re-examine his identify to try to figure out â€Å"Who am I? † Erickson suggests that two identities are involved. These identities involve the sexual an occupational. According to (Bee, 1992) at the end of this stage â€Å"a reintegrate sense of self, or what one wants to do or be, and of one’s appropriate sex role. † During the six stages the body image of the adolescent began to change. This stages is also were the adolescent start to feel uncomfortable about their body for a while until they can adapt and change into their new image.Based upon the outcome of their adapting the adolescent can start to begin to form their own identity. Nevertheless, the adolescent can also start to become confuse about themselves, such as what is their place in the worl d and what they want to be when that grow up. In evaluating Freud Erikson human development theories it has been learned that both saw personality developing throughout a lifecycle of each individual. Each looks at and identified the crises at each stage in development.In addition difference psychologist believe that different phases are more important than other phases, but what most psychologist do agree on it that one stage leads to the next stage. Reference Berger, K. , & S, . (2010). Invitation of the life span. Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. McLeod, S. A. (2008). Psychosexual Stages Retrieve from simplypsychology. org/psychosexual from http://www. simplypsychology. org/psychosexual. html Bee, H. L. (1992). The developing child. London: HarperCollins. www. britannica. com

A Comparative Study of How the Mothers are presented in The Poisonwood Bible and The Mosquito Coast Essay

In The Poisonwood Bible and The Mosquito Coast, the mothers play very important roles. In my study I will explore the authors’ purposes in presenting the mothers the way they have, and what techniques and imagery they use to portray certain themes about women throughout the novel. Within both novels, the reader witnesses the mothers changing characters. As Allie and Nathan’s continuously tiring and increasingly maddening outlook progresses, the mothers begin to change. Orleanna no longer cowers in Nathan’s relentless demands and authority, stating that ‘her first job was to take care of her own and if he was any kind of father he would do the same.’ This contrasts greatly with the Orleanna we meet at the beginning who describes herself as Nathan’s ‘instrument, his animal’. Contrasting to this, Mother is presented so that the reader is not really aware of her the entire way through; Theroux does not bring her character into the foreground of the novel until near the end. She is described by her function as a Mother and wife. However, her role is stronger than that of Orleanna’s; she can speak out to Allie in a passive, gentle way telling Allie, ‘Don’t pretend to be better than you are.’ This shows how Mother does seem to have a more outspoken independent side outside of her family, and which Theroux reveals as the novel progresses. The fact that Mother is given no other name than Mother, also signifies her status within the family. This shows how she has no personality, no independence and is only there for motherly purposes In terms of narrating style, Theroux uses Charlie as an unreliable narrator. Through his eyes we meet Mother; Charlie describes Mother as ‘an angel’, painting a positive picture of Mother. When Charlie talks about Mother, the reader is presented with a person, the complete opposite of Allie, he is a ‘wild man’ and Mother ‘an angel’ This foreshadows the end of the novel as well as revealing Charlie’s perception of his parents. He compares them when discussing Mother’s lessons on the beach; they were like ‘play’. Charlie then continues to say ‘she was not like Father, Father lectured us, but she never made speeches’. This shows the differences in Allie’s and Mother’s parenting roles, Charlie seems to appreciate Mother more, even though he seeks Allie’s approval and this shows in his narration. In comparison to The Mosquito Coast, Kingsolver’s choice of narrative style differs greatly. The reader gets a broader perspective from each character, hearing each woman’s opinion of Orleanna. This choice of narration, leaves less room for bias, Ruth-May states how in their family ‘mama comes last.’ Whereas, Leah talks about looking after Orleanna, ‘how once in a great while we just have to protect her’, this makes Orleanna seem helpless and does not show Orleanna in a particularly positive light, suggesting that Orleanna is weak, and the girls seem more independent than the children in The Mosquito Coast. However, this does reveal that Kingsolver is sensitive to how differently children and mothers’ can relate to each other depending on age, personality and perception. However, unlike The Mosquito Coast, in The Poisonwood Bible, the reader has direct narrative from Orleanna. Kingsolver presents Orleanna’s character as one that retrospectively has a clear view of herself and her children. She describes herself as Nathan’s ‘instrument, his animal. Nothing more.’ This reveals Kingsolver’s ideas about women in that era, how they were only there to fulfil their husband’s wishes. It also emphasises Orleanna’s vision of herself, connoting herself as a passive and obedient object in her family. Furthermore, Orleanna’s character, describes herself as a ‘pale rat of a cowering mistress’, Kingsolver’s depiction of Orleanna gives the reader a pathetic perception of her, this generates sympathy for her character. In The Mosquito Coast, Theroux presents Mother as a character only with the function of being a mother and a wife. Similar to Orleanna, Mother’s first priority is her family and her husband. Her character is controlled by Allie and she willingly goes along with his dreams and ambitions as it ‘makes him happy’. Mother’s compliant attitude to Allie is seen throughout the beginning of the novel when Charlie is ‘Climbing the shrouds-on my [Allie’s] orders†¦Mother looked helplessly at Father and with real agony’, showing how even though she disapproves and is seemingly hurt by Allie’s test of Charlie’s courage and character, she still says nothing; emphasising Mother’s submissive nature. In contrast, toward the end of the novel, Mother declares, ‘I don’t take no as an answer’, Theroux’s choice of assertive language here, shows Mother’s progression as an independent character. However in The Poisonwood Bible, Orleanna is conveyed as a quite weak character at the beginning of the novel, whereas Mother is not so much weak, just less noticeable. Orleanna is presented by Kingsolver as quite secretive, guiding her children silently. By the end of the novel Orleanna is described using metaphor, her ‘profile in the window turned to salt crystal, reflecting all light.’ this imagery paints a hopeful picture, suggesting Mother as the children’s saviour. This contrasts greatly with the Orleanna at the beginning of the novel, she seems lost ‘while all the sparkle drained out of her face†¦her light blue eyes had gone blank, like shallow pans of water’, Kingsolver’s use of imagery here allows the reader to empathise with Orleanna, trying to get the reader to understand Orleanna’s position in the family. In both texts, each family coming from the western world, are thrust into a poverty stricken community, each community with different values and outlooks on western culture. Both mothers’ react differently to the new culture and traditions, highlighting the authors’ ideas of the differences and acceptance of culture other than our own. In The Mosquito Coast, the community the Fox’s are introduced to are at first wary of the new comers, as is Mother of them. However, as they learn to live together, Mother embraces their way of life. Charlie’s narrative describes mother learning ‘the local way of doing something’, revealing how accepting Mother is of the ‘Zambus’ customs, she does ‘not take charge’ supporting Theroux’s presentation of Mother as a subservient character in the novel. This exposes Theroux’s acceptance of other cultures, and the expectations of women. On the other hand, in The Poisonwood Bible, Orleanna seems to cling on to what she has left of western society, finding it hard to mould herself to the traditions of the people of Kilanga. Orleanna is lost in her life in Kilanga, asking herself ‘How in the world did a person get to be where I was?’ Kingsolver’s use of rhetoric here, presents Orleanna as a resentful and self-pitying character, and it could be said to reveal Kingsolver’s ideas of how the western culture takes for granted the ‘electric range’ and ‘precious Clorox bleach’, that we have grown so accustomed to. Another aspect of both novels, which greatly affects the mothers’, is their relationships with the male dominant character, the Fathers’. Both fathers’ are similar in their determination to reach and accomplish their dreams, or calling. In The Mosquito Coast, Theroux presents Allie in a negative way; the reader is introduced to Allie’s ideas and theories through Charlie’s narration. The first time we hear Allie talk, he is talking to himself, ‘I don’t know’, He said, replying to himself.’ this creates the idea that Allie has self-importance and does not listen to anyone else; and this reflects in his relationship with Mother. Allie refers to Mother, as ‘Mother’, suggesting a lack of respect for women. Mother knows that they are going to the Honduras, however when Allie reveals he is taking them to Mosquitia ‘Mother just stared at him, it was news to her.’ Theroux shows Mother’s character here, as she does not complain, in fact she goes on to help Allie made uncomfortable by Reverend Spellgood, this reveals her submissive nature to Allie and gives the reader insight in to Allie and Mother’s relationship. Mother may seem subservient to Allie, although she does have some power in the relationship, most direct speech is to Allie in gentle warning or commenting on Allie’s actions passively. She advises him to not ‘do anything I wouldn’t do’ and to not make himself ‘out to be better than you are’, this highlights that Mother knows how to communicate with Allie and even know they do not seem intimate, they know each other intimately. This is clear when Mother comments ‘I love him when he’s happy’. However, most of Mother’s comments Allie brushes aside, which may show why Mother doesn’t say much, as when she does Allie takes no heed. It seems that Theroux put Mother in the novel as a device to counterbalance Allie’s character, they are opposites, Allie a ‘wild man’, mother ‘an angel’, and as Theroux reveals Allie’s character very forcefully from the beginning, Mother’s true character and strength, is revealed slowly throughout. This could be because of Theroux’s choice narrative strategy, we learn as Charlie learns, so as Charlie finds out more about his mother, the reader does also. By having Mother in the novel, Theroux has given the reader a more sympathetic, contrasting character to Allie, and this causes the reader to dislike Allie more. In contrast, Orleanna’s relationship with Nathan seems entirely unhappy. Orleanna is left entirely alone as Nathan ‘wrapped himself up in the salvation of Kilanga’ whereas in The Mosquito Coast, Mother and Allie seem more of a team. Nathan’s behaviour towards Orleanna creates a negative response to his character. Orleanna is presented as bitter towards Nathan, saying ‘a wife may revile a man with every silent curse’, this use of hateful language, conveys to the reader the state of Nathan and Orleanna’s relationship. Theroux uses a retrospective narrative to give the reader insight to how Nathan and Orleanna became so unhappy. Orleanna describes Nathan as a ‘tyrant before men†¦and a child before God†¦a petulant one’ this show of Nathan’s character emphasises and explains Orleanna’s submission to his beatings and weakness in his presence and ends up ‘swallowed by Nathan’s mission, body and soul.’ reinforcing the view that women of that era were to do their husbands’ ‘magnificent will’. The theme of death is apparent in both texts, in The Poisonwood Bible, when Ruth May is bitten by the snake, the way in which Orleanna reaction is very surprising, ‘she behaved as though someone else had already told her,’ Orleanna’s calmness could be misinterpreted for not caring, but as we heard from Orleanna’s narrative, she cannot get away ‘from the disaster she knows is coming’ this prolepsis to the end of the novel, seems to be reflected in Orleanna’s reaction, Kingsolver uses this to demonstrate how powerless Orleanna is, she knows disaster is coming, and yet she is helpless and so ‘inhumanely alone’ here Kingsolver uses the character of Orleanna to reflect the women of the 1960’s, who felt trapped in their roles as good wives and mothers.

Gun Control Essay

Under federal law people with felony convictions, fugitives from justice, dishonorably discharged from the military, illegal aliens in the United States, or convicted of domestic violence, and restraining orders are permitted from purchasing firearms. This also includes the purchase of firearms using false statements. According to (May, 2005) â€Å"a police officer found guilty of domestic violence was reissued his firearm, because the judge stated the conviction created a manifest injustice†. This illustrates how judges in certain situations overrule the domestic violence laws, which are federally regulated. This reasoning can avoid police officers in this case from losing their firearms and their employment. This can also lead to a judge’s decision to continue to put citizens in danger. Restricting gun access can decrease homicides by firearms. Some private dealers legally sell guns at gun shows, and do business from their homes without proper background checks. This result can lead to convicted felons and suspected terrorists purchasing firearms without a background checks. Imposing harsher sentencing on illegal gun dealers, who distribute firearms without background checks, can impact they way firearms are being distributed. This would also provide for safer streets. Prior to transferring a firearm for purchase, The National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) does a background check on all person(s) prior to purchase. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) accesses the (NICS), which determine if a person(s) who are prohibited from purchasing a firearms. The effect of illegally purchasing firearms is that, the firearms end up in the hands of criminals. This subsequently leads to firearms used in serious crimes, which causes harm and ultimately resulting in the death of a person(s) and at times innocent bystanders. This also affects the way law enforcement does their jobs to protect the public. The National Rifle Association (NRA) opposes gun control. The (NRA) views gun control as a violation of the Second Amendment, which state, â€Å"A militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed†. Firearms protect citizens from harm and even life threatening situations. The firearms purchased legally by honest American citizens, to protect themselves and their properties can deter crime and save lives. As a deterrent to violent crimes, American citizens who have purchased firearms legally have deterred crime against themselves, and their property. This has also prevented citizens, who carry firearms legally from becoming victims of serious violent crime and saving their lives thwarting of attacks. Gun control provides safety to citizens. Communities are safer places knowing that responsible American citizens are purchasing firearms legally. Not all people who purchase firearms use them to protect themselves and their property. Some people legally use firearms for the sport of hunting during certain times of the year, which is legal. Hunting related deaths by firearms are statistically are lower, than firearm related homicides each year. The people who purchase firearms legally provide positive reinforcement to public safety. The benefit of having safety features on firearms is that safety features save lives, and prevent accidental deaths. In regard to children who stay in homes where firearms are located, there are immediate dangers that present themselves. One of the dangers is that young children do not know the difference between a real firearm, and a fake firearm. Some young children are strong enough to pull a trigger. According to the (CDC, 2004) â€Å"accidental shooting deaths are most commonly associated with one or more children playing with a gun they found in the home†. Safety is very necessary, for those people who have firearms around young children to teach, and practice safety precautions. There is the need to teach safety precautions even if people do not own a firearm. Young children may need to know the dangers of firearms where ever they go. There is a possibility that they may encounter a firearm at someone else’s home. To ensure the protection of children, certain safety measures need to be under consideration. All firearms should be safely secured, and locked up. Firearms should not be accessible to children or other unauthorized personnel. The ammunition needs to be stored, and securely locked up properly. The use of trigger locks can also provided for safety. Some gun manufacturers, such as Smith and Wesson are providing safety features on their firearms. The additional safety feature would include childproof trigger locks on firearms. This is an additional form of safety for gun owners with children in their homes. This can also lead to a decrease in injuries and accidental deaths amongst children. The National Rifle Association (NRA) opposes additional safety features on firearms. The (NRA) argues new legislation laws on additional safety features, means the federal government will add more restrictions, and regulations for safety features. This would ultimately put some gun manufacturers out of business. This would also cause extra burdens for law-abiding citizens who seek to buy and sell firearms. The (NRA) also argues the new legislation laws would infringe on the â€Å"Second Amendment†, and the right for law-abiding citizens to bear arms. The impact on the homicide rate from firearms, can attest to the dangers caused by firearms being illegally purchased. The illegal use of firearms can increase the homicide rate. When criminal minded individuals can access guns illegally, the outcome of that purchase usually results in someone getting injured or being killed by that firearm. The deaths from firearms are rear in some countries compared to the United States. This can be a result of the population in other countries or the gun laws. However, the United States has seen a decrease in homicides by firearms. This can attest to new legislation laws being passed, strict regulations on gun manufacturers, and gun being kept from criminals by way of proper screening through database in which The Federal Bureau of Investigations, State police, and local authorities have access to. The rate of suicides and accidental deaths from the use of firearms attribute to gun not being securely stored in house-holds. There were over 31,000 firearm deaths in the United States in 2005. Firearms deaths were at an all time high in 2005. [pic] The (CDC, 2005) concludes that â€Å"suicide remains the highest cause of death by firearms†. According to (Hemenway, 2007) â€Å"One of the strategies for reducing firearms suicides is the removal of the firearm from the home, where there adolescents, and young adults. Children are also victims of accidental gun deaths. This can also be attributed to excessive guns in the communities and areas where children frequent such as schools, and playgrounds. The impact of firearm safety and training is also important in reference to saving lives. There are numerous gun training and safety organizations to help the law abiding citizens, with gun safety or self defense. Some organizations include the National Rifle Association (NRA), and Front Site Firearm Training Institute. Since firearms injuries affect children and teenagers classes are taught to children. This would help the children learn the dangers of guns and to stay away from guns. This would also help children identify and report any guns found or not safely secured. The increase in firearm deaths amongst children is on the rise. The lack of awareness can be fatal to children not aware of the dangers of gunplay. Volunteer training can also can decrease firearm incidents. Firearm related incidents have an impact on health care. According to (Beasley, Theodore March 2006) â€Å"firearms injuries are a major public health issue, with a significant impact on society in both economic and human terms†. The medical cost of gun violence put a burden on health service providers. The effect factors in mental health, rehabilitation, legal, and judicial cost. The cost of gun violence in the United States can range from 100 billion dollars annually. Gun control provides for safer schools and communities. In the wake of the Columbine shooting, and the shooting at Virginia Tech laws are being passed to make sure schools are safe for students to attend, and communities are safe for people to live in. To ensure communities and schools are safe, communities have to be a part of the process. This may include groups such as neighborhood watch, to report any illegal activity observed in the community or around schools especially where children frequent. Illegal activity such as drug dealing poses a high risk to children. This can attest the gun being involved which are used to protect drug dealers and their turf, which is ultimately the community the children play in. There are also gangs that factor into illegal activities. These gangs also protect the neighborhoods or turfs with guns. The dangers involved result in drive by shootings, which can injury or kill innocent individuals. They also recruit young children to participate in these gangs. This also exposes children to illegal activities, which include giving young adolescents firearms to protect themselves from rival gang members and to protect their turf. These high crime areas continue to involve individuals who obtain firearms illegally. Some poverty stricken neighborhoods see an increase in firearm violence, due to the environmental surroundings. This would include public housing projects, and other low income housing areas surrounded by drugs, prostitution, gangs, and illegal gun activity. These neighborhoods see an increase in violent crimes by firearms, such as assaults, robbery, and murder. This can also attest to the young adolescents that bring firearms to school. The men and women of law enforcement are also at risk against legally obtained firearms. This is because suspected criminals can be armed and dangerous. The dealers, who sell firearms without proper screening, put the public’s safety at risk. Law enforcement officers are not equipped for the type of gun power these criminals’ possess. Some criminals possess assault weapons, which are military style weapons. If the weapons get into the wrong hands of criminals, these weapons can impose at grave risk to law enforcement, often putting law enforcement in grave danger trying to protect the public. There are law enforcement officers that have die at the hands of firearms. This is a result of handguns and assault weapons being purchased by criminals. Law Enforcement deaths by firearms since 2005 [pic] National Law Enforcement Memorial Fund (2008) The law enforcement officers killed in the line of duty has declined since 2007. Law enforcement agencies adopted new safety measures to assure law Enforcement were better equipped to apprehend suspected criminals who carry deadly firearms. Do Americans citizens want guns illegally circulating in their community? Individuals and criminals purchase guns illegally every day.

Critically discuss the relationship between uneven geographic Essay

Critically discuss the relationship between uneven geographic development and globalization - Essay Example As a result of the geographical inequalities manifested in different places of the world, it can be argued that contrary to the popular belief that the globalisation is bridging the economic, social and cultural gap between different regions, it is actually increasing the social, cultural and economic inequality; hence, uneven geographic development. The term globalisation can be traced back to the late 1980s when globalisation became fashionable idea that described contexts related to historical processes where world economic and societal integration was taking place rapidly commonly referred to as structural globalisation in addition to contexts related to policies underlying the historical processes which represents ideological globalisation (Kacowicz 2013). This social and economic integration has had different repercussions for different world’s geographical regions and countries at least in its initial stages. Due to globalisation in the current situation, the increased competition among countries has affected more negatively the Northern countries especially the US compared to the effect it has had on some of the Southern countries. The reason for this imbalance can be argued in terms of exchanges in trade where during the 1970s many developing countries benefited from the higher prices for natural resources like oil in addition to the plentiful supply of credit and investments at highly favourable conditions due to the increased competition among Northern countries (Arrighi 2002). In order to effectively explore the different views on how globalisation impacted on geographic development, it is necessary that different perspectives on globalisation can be identified. Superficially, globalisation can be considered as the deepening, expanding and accelerating international interconnectedness in all aspects of contemporary social life, which covers such diverse contexts as cultural to the criminal and from the financial to the spiritual undertakings (Saxena 2010). A computer programmer located in India is in a position to offer services to an employer in Europe or USA in real time. In addition to the fact that farming of poppies in Burma can have a connection with drug abuse in Berlin is a good enough example of how globalisation links one geographical location to another in a different continent. However, away from the broad perception of the continued escalation of global interconnectedness there is considerable divergent view as to how globalisation is best conceptualized, how its causal dynamics works, and how its structural impact should be characterized. Therefore, due to issues raised by the question of what globalisation represents, three broad schools of thought have developed each having a different perspective of globalisation but all endeavour to comprehend and elucidate this phenomenon. Firstly, there are those who see globalisation as representing a new epoch where people from different geographical regions are pr ogressively being subjected to the controls of the global market. Secondly, there are those who conceptualize globalisation as a myth, which obscure the truth about international economy, which is in reality segmented into geographical blocs characterized by a powerful

Looking at the world from today's perspective, what do you consider to Essay

Looking at the world from today's perspective, what do you consider to be the TWO biggest problems (political, economic, socia - Essay Example These changes mostly influence individual lives and relation with each other. The two primary problems in the world today are religious conflicts and globalization. The survival of the world remains at stake if Christians and Muslims cannot make peace (Sisk 21). Difference in religious values surely threatens survival of people in the world today. Moreover, where religious values clash with political ideologies, bloodshed can arise. This makes religious conflict a global problem today. Globalization, on the other hand, involves interconnection of countries’ political, religious, economic and social policies in a global setting. It requires that no country operates on its own, and ensures sharing of ideologies in an international framework. This is detrimental to political and individual’s survival since it erodes political and social cultures plus providing no security on territories. This paper analyzes these two problems; globalization and religious conflicts, explain ing why they are global problems. Moreover, the paper describes historical roots of these problems, and how they impact the world people live in today. The discussion appears below. To begin with, religious conflict is a significant problem in the world today. ... In a recent letter by Islamic scholars to the Pope, they state that the world cannot be at peace if Muslims and Christian are not at peace. For this reason, these scholars state similarities in the two religions by quoting the Bible and Quran, identifying instances which require love of one’s neighbor and the need to worship one God in both cases. This transcends the need for conflict between these two religions, describing peace as a primary requirement for coexistence. The historical roots of this problem dates back to many years back. The idea of conflicting religious values happens to be a significant problem in the world today. Biblical history identifies differences in these issues from a long time. The Islam and Christians religious differences have their roots in early times. The conflict between Judaism and Islam involves religious groups and dates back to more than 3000 years. This conflict exists in the Christian and Jewish Old testament and other records. History s ays that the conflict between these two groups has its roots from the religious differences between Judaism and Islam. The Arab-Israel war also dates back to such times. The idea behind this war is differences in ideologies between Israel and Arab countries on religious issues. The weaponry nature of these countries facilitates the war, and leads to loss of much lives. Though appearing to be a political war, this war has its causes on differences in religious values between the two countries. However, the idea of worship is synonymous in both cases, which makes the situation complex (Chirico 61). Arab countries advocate for justice, and believe that death sentences for atonement of sins

Applicability of the Principles of Empowerment and Recovery of the Essay - 1

Applicability of the Principles of Empowerment and Recovery of the Mentally Ill in Practice - Essay Example One afternoon, a man in his late 20s was brought in for medical attention. For the purpose of confidentiality, we shall name him Andrew. Andrew could not keep still and he kept on moving from one point to another, talking to imaginary people. The people who brought him to the hospital were his colleagues at work, who claimed that he had become very hostile, attacking everyone at the office and accusing them of trying to ruin his life. They claimed that he had also started talking to himself and repeatedly saying â€Å"they want to kill me†. Andrew was immediately taken to the psychiatrist ward for examination, while I was instructed to get more information about his actions from his colleagues. The workmates told me that in last few months, they had observed some abnormal behavior in their colleague, but had dismissed the actions. For example, he would show up at work late, looking tired and had started withdrawing from his workmates. They also claimed that he could no longer meet deadlines and that he often did substandard work. After the discussion with the patients’ colleagues, I called his family before going to check on the progress of the patient.The psychiatrist informed me that they had sedated him to ease his agitation. I explained to him all the observances noted by Andrew’s colleagues and the doctor suspected that this could be a case of schizophrenia. As we were talking, Andrew’s wife and sister came in looking very worried. The doctor explained the patient’s condition to them and asked them to offer any information.

Art history blog Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Art history blog - Assignment Example The fundamental difference between Pollock’s paintings and the traditional paintings is that unlike the traditional paintings, there is little respect of any boundaries in Pollock’s paintings. His paintings have the power to provide the audience with a way out of the materialistic world into a world which Pollock created using his exceptional sense of art. As Kaprow mentions in his article, Pollock’s art is unique in that it tends to break free of the constraints of the materialistic world in terms of looks, impulse and meanings, this feature of Pollock’s art adds many metaphysical and superficial properties to it. Kaprow puts a question in front of the audience that now that Pollock has died, it is for us to decide what do we do with the kind of art Pollock proposed. Kaprow himself offered two alternatives for this in the same article. The first one suggests that Pollock’s art be taken further. This can be achieved by varying his esthetic without g oing away from it. The second alternative suggests that the making of paintings according to the conventional concept of oval or rectangle painting be given

The difference between how we viewed war movies in 60's and war movies Term Paper - 1

The difference between how we viewed war movies in 60's and war movies in 70's - Term Paper Example War movies were critical reflections of the logic of the cold war, and in the 1960s, they were something that the society demanded1. In the 1970s, war movies were a nuisance, and considered the government’s propaganda to justify the nation’s stay in Vietnam. The negative attitude towards war movies during this period was due to the actions of American soldiers in Vietnam as aired by television networks2. The change of attitude altered the production structure of American wars, and this formed the basic difference between war movies of the 1960s, and of the 1970s. This paper is a discussion about the difference in the perception of war movies between 1960 and 1980. War movies during this era had action oriented plots and were characterized by historical recreations of war related events, or major battles, and POW camp escapes and experiences. They also included espionage or spy tales, biopics of important war figures, submarine warfare, personal heroism, air dogfights, resistance movements, brutalities showing war as hell, tough trench experiences, veterans returning home, and pre-war intrigue. The films explored themes such as the effects war on the society, combat, studies of inhumanity and futility of battle, escape and survivor stories, intelligent explorations of human issues and morality, and stories of courageous sacrifice and fight back3. 1960s war movies were stories about the cold war. They were stories of American power, pride, and might. The movies represented Americans’ will to fight for what they believe was right. Reading through the perceptions that American people had about war movies at the time shows that the movies were also their source of information about their leaders’ potential4. To Americans, the movies told the truth about the cold war and the communists intentions. Americans were believed that communists wanted to destroy socialism. The movies acted as the real stories about what was going on in the battle

Strategic Management of International Enterprises ( Adidas ) Essay

Strategic Management of International Enterprises ( Adidas ) - Essay Example Moreover, establishing strong brand image and a sustainable business position in the global business environment is also a common and widely practiced motivational factor for the multinationals, which can frequently be observed in the recent pace of globalisation2. In keeping with the unconventional trend of internationalisation of the multinationals, the primary aim of this report is to critically analyse the strategic directions and practices of Adidas Group, a German based footwear manufacturing giant in the present global business environment. In order to critically assess the strategic direction of the company, the report would focus on examining the international operations of Adidas that led the company to sustain its dominant position in the global footwear manufacturing and marketing industry. Moreover, the report also critically evaluates issues surrounding its future strategic endeavours. In this context, the report focuses on identifying potential issues driven by the current business trends and develops effective measures that can enable Adidas to uphold its competitive position in the global footwear business industry. Founded in the year 1920, the Adidas Group (Adidas) is a highly valued and a renowned brand operating in the industrial periphery of manufacturing footwear and sports apparels for both men and women. The company is highly envisioned with the aim of being as the dominant marketer in providing best portfolio of sports brands to the customers across the different global markets3. The corporate strategy of Adidas significantly incorporates a wide range of strategic measures that ensures to build its strong and sustainable position in the competitive sports goods business industry. In relation to the current business performance of the company, the corporate strategies can be observed to play a crucial role for Adidas to build its strong brand position in the present

Budgets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Budgets - Essay Example Performance budget on the other hand classifies the expenditure on the basis of the administration units and by the functions of the units, and the items under such administrative unit functions (Rubin, 185). This makes the performance budget so detailed, since it entails a hierarchy of components, starting with the administrative unit, down to the functions under each administrative unit, and then to the items falling under each function of the administration unit. Performance budgeting entails the formulation of and programs to be implemented, their funding from the available revenue sources, and their execution (Rubin, 180). Therefore, activities are given preference over specific items under each activity, and the management of the performance budget is centralized. There are various reasons why the Congress might choose to use the line-item approach. First, it is a simple form of budgeting, since it requires just tracing the expenditure items and linking them to the revenue sources, eliminating unnecessary budgeting details and complexity (Rubin, 187). Secondly, this type of budgeting provides a greater relationship between sources of revenue and expenditure items, through linking

Management Decision Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Management Decision Making - Essay Example This report will present an analysis of the hotel’s resources and systems and evaluate the financial systems, customers, internal business operations, learnings and growth of Forester using the method of balance score card. It will also employ the SERVQUAL method to help in the decision making about the change in revenue generation model. The main task of the report is to conduct an analysis of Forester Hotel in order understand the competitive priorities for the hotel’s customers. This is undertaken by using the Balances Score Card Method for Forester Hotel. The Balanced score card is a technique that provides in depth insights about what a given strategy’s impact may be on different aspects of the organization including the operational and the financial performance, the customer satisfaction and the learning and growth of the organization (Kaplan and Norton, 1996). It is an appropriate tool to arrive at the targets and measures that the organization needs to ad vocate in order to achieve its strategic vision. A Balanced Score card can be used for any organization, but it is particularly useful for service organizations where intangible compinents of operations and services need to be evaluated (Denton and White, 2000). In addition, a balanced score card lets the hotel assess the perceptions and expectations of the customers and hence make the relevant changes in its strategies (Denton and White, 2000).     It is also an exhaustive exercise for the same reason as it involves several steps like the Systems Mapping, the Objectives Mapping and the Strategy Mapping before the balance score card can be developed. Sytem Mapping A balanced score card is however developed on the basis of the information gathered about the financial systems, the customer related systems, the internal operational systems and the learnings and growth systems of the organization. It therefore relies on an exhaustive mapping of the organization in terms of its syste ms and the interlink between them (Kaplan and Norton, 1996). The following figure is a system map and it showcases the systems that are operational at Forester Hotel. Fig 1: Forestar System Mapping Government Legal system: Standards, Licensing Financial support system: Credit, Interets rates Forestar Hotel Operating Systens Restaurants (purchase, prepare, serve) Rooms Management (scheduling $ housekeeping) Activities (schedule, maintenance) Quality Planning Staff Training Food Standards Equipment Maintenance Financial Cost/ Resource Aquisition System Control Systems HR Logistics Purchase Income Generation Capacity Planning Number of Rooms Leisure activities Construction Activities Accomodation Staff Size Food Conferences /Parties Source: Author A system map is a detailed diagram showing the inter-linkages between different sub-systems within an organization and also highlighting the influence of external systems (customer, governmental, legal) on the internal sub systems. It is an e xhaustive representation of how different processes related to each other and hence helps in identification of the impacts that any proposed changes in strategies may bring to the organization (Kaipa, 2000). The only disadvantage of using this technique is that it is time consuming and requires an in depth analysis of the organizat

Ethic Dilemma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethic Dilemma - Essay Example In addition, the workers develop a sense in understanding that they are the key component for success both at the individual and at the organizational level. On the other hand, the system aids in the determination of human behavior in the workplace (Selgelid, 2009). It determines the real personalities of the workers in relation to how their work is efficient. To explain further, the system aids in understanding human psychology of the workers through monitoring how they manage their free time at work. The design of the system is important because it highlights both the positive and the negative aspects of the employees. The supervision is key to the establishment of an ethical environment. This is because the organization could formulate ethical policies through the positive and negative feedback from the employees. The dual use research aids in the identification of specific issues about the employees. This is because there is an analysis of the issues identified and ethical solutions are provided by the organization, to attempt the resolution of ethical

State and Local Government Corruption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

State and Local Government Corruption - Essay Example A key focus involved troubling examples where organized crime has capitalized on the presence of municipal corruption. What constitutes corruption differs depending on the country or jurisdiction. Certain political funding practices that are legal in one place may be illegal in another (Political Corruption 2005). In some countries, police and prosecutors have broad discretion over whom to arrest and charge and the line between discretion and corruption can be difficult to draw, as in racial profiling. In countries with strong interest group politics, practices that could easily constitute corruption elsewhere are sometimes sanctified as official group preferences (Political Corruption 2005). Corruption is hard to minimize because it involves confidentiality and too often encounters public acceptance. Investigations have become hard and multifaceted. Investigators must conquer outdated attitudes in the midst of many truthful public officials and private citizens that whistle blowing is useless or even unsafe (Local Government 1992, pg. 7). ... 8). However, State legislation is no good if government officials in practice do not support it.Corruption is particularly widespread in the local government construction projects. Just recently, a major engineering firm that has given $3 million in campaign contributions over the past 25 years and New Jersey has decided it will no longer donate to politicians (Jackson 2005). The on-line database of the Election Law Enforcement Commission(ELEC) lists 1,205 contributions from the firm and its employees, worth nearly $3 million, since 1981 (Jackson 2005). The real total is larger, because ELEC's database does not include contributions to municipal candidates and committees or contributions to federal candidates, who have also benefited from Schoor DePalma's generosity (Jackson 2005). A search of the FEC's Web site, which tracks federal campaign contributions, turned up at least $150,000 in the past five years from the company (Jackson 2005). Schoor DePalma's contributions peaked in 200 3, when the ballot included candidates for all 120 seats in the New Jersey Legislature (Jackson 2005). Corruption such as this should be condemned. Such corruption erodes the institutional capacity of government as procedures are ignored, resources are siphoned off, and public offices are bought and sold. At the same time, corruption undermines the legitimacy of government and such democratic values as trust and tolerance (Political Corruption 2005). Corruption also lowers fulfillment with construction, environmental, or other rules, reduces the quality of government services and infrastructure, and increases budgetary pressures on

Close Reading of a Short Fiction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Close Reading of a Short Fiction - Essay Example She went to the extent of even changing her name just to show her real ethnical identity. The name ZitkalaSa means ‘red bird’ in the Indian language. In writing her autobiographies: School Days of an Indian Child and Impressions of Indian Childhood, we learn more of the kind about her life and experiences. Discussion The publication, The School Days of an Indian Girl, has a purpose of explaining the experience the author had while attending boarding schools meant for teaching and civilizing Indians. In a much broader outlook, the publication aims at showing the whole world the suppression that the inherent American culture faced after the colonization of the United States. Zitkala uses the power of the pen to express the pains she underwent while trying to keep true to her beliefs and roots. The publication achieved its purpose for which it was written. The plot of the story is well defined, it begins with Zitkala as young girl of eight years, whose curiosity and innocen ce has given an intense desire for the apple orchards to be educated by missionaries. The plot develops as we are told of the experiences and suffering she undergoes together with her friends while at the mission school. However, the climax comes when she returns home to meet her mother. There is a sudden twist of events as she does not feel happy being at home; she wants to go back to school. The conflict comes in when her mother does not allow her to go back to the mission school. She goes back to school against the wishes of her mother and this creates a rift between them. The rift makes Zitkala unhappy and it is so unfortunate that the story ends before the rift between them is resolved. Zitkala is the main character in the publication. She is portrayed as a brave individual who is not threatened by anything despite her young age and small size. Her bold nature is seen in the way she was very adamant to cut her hair. The mission staff had to look for her and grab her by force. S he is also emotional, and this is seen in the way she always hid in her room and cried because they were not in good times with the mother. The lady at the mission school is also another character that helps in plot development of the story. She is a symbol of pain and suffering. She is very cruel and often punished Zitkala and her friends even in situations where they did not misunderstood each other. Zitkala tells in a melancholic way how sometimes they were punished unjustly for the misunderstandings. This made her seek for revenge in some little ways. She narrates how she blames the well-meaning, hardworking and ignorant woman who was inculcating superstitious ideas in their young and pure hearts. In addition to the sadness that those days bring to her, they cast darkening shadows of how her past years had been. Loss of freedom clearly portrays itself as a main theme in Zitkala’s publication, The School Days of an Indian Girl. Being an Indian, she had got used to self-det ermination and independence. This is clearly shown when she finds it weird and difficult to cope up with the life at school. The fact that whistles and bells signaled every action that was to be done did not please her at all (Zitkala, pp.35). She was irritated with this kind of life and thus she calls it ‘iron routine’. According to her, all that was testing the chains which had bound her individuality tightly like mummies ready for burial. She had grown up in Dakota knowing that people did

DECA- Commissary Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

DECA- Commissary - Research Paper Example The particular organization operates in the context of the US Department of Defense. Since its first appearance, DECA Commissary had to face the following problem: ethics related to the organization’s activities were often not appropriately promoted. For addressing this issue effectively, the organization’s managers decided to establish an ethical environment for others and introduce a plan for developing Positive Ethos across the organization. These efforts are described below using relevant literature, where necessary, for evaluating the appropriateness of the measures taken. It is proved that the organizational initiatives for the incorporation of ethics in the organizational culture have been successful but minor improvements would be made so that the high performance of the organization in regard to ethics is standardized. DECA Commissary - investigation of practices Company Overview DECA Commissary is an organization aiming to promote a particular plan: the provis ion of grocery to American Military, not only to the active members of the Military but also the retirees, at cost prices (DECA Commissary Overview). In this way, the Commissary helps the members of the Military to make a plan of living and to be released from stress related to the costs related to the particular type of food. According to the organization’s website, ‘the authorized patrons purchase items at cost plus a 5 percent surcharge’ (DECA Commissary Overview). As a result, the members of American Military and their family can enjoy a life of high quality, as possible, a fact that helps them to increase their readiness towards the challenges that they have to face daily (DECA Commissary Overview). The organization’s success up today is highly based on its ethical environment, which is based on certain principles, such as ‘excellence in quality, sense of urgency, high standards and innovation’ (DECA Commissary Mission, Vision, Values). E stablishing an Ethical Environment For Others The promotion of ethics within organizations has a series of benefits for stakeholders; reference is made in particular to those individuals who support the organization’s plans, i.e. employees, suppliers and shareholders, but also to those affected by the organization’s activities, such as the state and the public in general (Brown 2005). In practice, it has been proved that establishing an ethical environment in organizations can result to a series of benefits, such as ‘the improvement of society, the increase of productivity and teamwork and the promotion of ethical education as part of the organization’s strategies’ (Fernando 393). For Collins (2009) the criterion for considering a behavior as ethical is the following one: the particular action needs to have ‘an ethical motive and ethical consequences’ (Collins 5). In the context of organizations the above view would be translated as fol lows: a business plan would be ethical if the motives of its designers are ethical and if the consequences of the plan are expected to be ethical. In business environment, ethics is a concept related not just to society, i.e. morals, but also to business, i.e. ethical conduct. DECA Commissary has managed to establish an ethical environment for others through the following practices: a) at a first level, the organization tries to ensure that the members of the